Osteoarthritis :: Health, Diseases

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common problem throughout the world. As estimated by the World Health Organization, it is maven of the major causes of impaired function that reduces quality of life worldwide and estimated to be the fourth leading cause of disability by the year 2020 (Kraus et al., 2006 and Wluka, 2006). Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic disability worldwide including Malaysia (Zakaria et al., 2009). As outlined by Jette et al., 2002 disability is the impaired performance of expected socially defined life tasks, in a typical sociocultural and physical environment. Physical function limitation, or difficulty with physical tasks and activities, is fundamental to the development of disability in OA. Pain is likely to be a central factor in the physical function limitation of knee OA, both due to its direct cause on function and as a route through which other factors operate. However, measuring only the pain is not enough. Physiotherapy must kn ow precisely what functional limitation experienced by the patient and help them to handle those instead of treating just the pain. In the study by Izal et al., 2010 they discovered that there was discrepancy between levels of disability and quality of life (QOL) of Spanish elderly people with OA knee. They found this disparity possible due to active coping strategies practiced by the patient such as positive self-statements, re-interpreting pain sensations, distraction, ignoring sensations, prayer and joint protection strategies. Knee Osteoarthritis prevalence is expected to rise significantly in the upcoming decades due to increasing life expectancy and decreasing physical activity, leading to a constant increase in body weight. Facing this situation, the WHO and the linked Nations have declared the years 2000 to 2010 to be the Bone and Joint Decade (Rosemann et al., 2007). The exact prevalence of OA is difficult to determine because of the lack of use of standardized criteria. In epidemiological studies OA is often described by radiological criteria, however radiological disease especially when mild has poor correlation with the presence of pain. Studies found that in all populations, so far the prevalence of knee OA is higher than that of hip OA but this is more marked in Asian populations. In Malaysia, knee becomes the or so common site for OA (Zakaria et al, 2009). Regarding prevalence, it is a frequently replicated result that women have a higher probability for developing OA, especially OA of the knee (Felson et al.

The Illiteracy Problem in America :: Teaching Education Essays

The Illiteracy Problem in AmericaIt continues to be a big problem with the ranks swelling each year. Although asylum nets are everywhere, illiteracy is still abundant. According to the National Assessment of Educational Progress, in 1998, ten million children between seven and eleven years of eld performed below the most basic level of read achievement.Illiteracy is not limited to children, teenagers, adults, a particular socio-economic level, or a particular race. When George, now 68, was a child he moved frequently because his father ran a small circus. He never stayed in one place long enough to project how to read. Finally, he quit school, never to return. Now after retirement, he has decided to learn how to read. He arrived at the library reading room to find the verge was locked. The sign indicated that a key was available at the information desk, but George did not know what the sign said. So he sat down and waited some(prenominal) hours for someone to open the door. Meh Chin from China, the mother of a third grader, is interested in communicating better with her children, who have already become fluent in English at an early age. Literacy programs should be an integral component of every community. Not only do these programs serve adults and foreigners, but they also serve those that spicy with the problems of poverty throughout their daily lives. In 2000-2001, 15.7% of students missed 21 or more days during the school year. Students who miss many days of school because of illnesses beyond their control often fall behind in their studies. Many literacy programs help these students excel in what otherwise would have been a deficiency in their learning.Opportunities explode to stamp out illiteracy at the federal, state, and local level. Are these enough? For those in need, maybe not. Most everyones needs are unique. National Family Literacy political program helps those families nationwide with literacy problems. In our own state of Florida, Gove rnor Jeb Bush has set up the Governors Mentoring Initiative Program which has helped over 9,000 adults and children improve their reading programs.

The Economic, Medical and Industrial Benefits of Legalizing Marijuana E

The Economic, Medical and Industrial Benefits of Legalizing MarijuanaMarijuana is the dried salad days clusters and leaves of the hemp plant when taken to induce euphoria. Marijuana has been in existence for centuries even Magellan spoke of it during his trip to India. In his log he spoke of a plant that you smoked that made a man drunk without drinking. Marijuana would be beneficial if legalized because it would bring in extra mvirtuosoy, it has medical uses, hemp is one of the best materials in the world and on average it is healthier for you then beer or liquor.The old cash crop of the Americas was tobacco in todays world it is marijuana. more marijuana is transported into and out of this country at a higher rate then tobacco. As of last form there were 1,147,591 of seized marijuana by the joined States Coast Guard. If the average price of a pound of marijuana were only fifteen hundred dollars that would impersonate the price at 1,721,386,500 when the GNP (Gross National Produ ct) for year two thousand is projected at 17 billion. If marijuana were actually a taxed good at the normal rate of five percent that would put the price up to 1,807,455,825 it would take the price up a total of one hundred million dollars.Not only would the legalization bring in more then nine percent of the GNP. It would take the amount of drug dealing and money laundering due to dealing down. With this decrease in abuse the money spent on police could be put to better use. The police could spend more time in trying to solve crimes such(prenominal) as murders or theft. Though in another area there would have to be a specific police unit to deal with these current stores. The insurance rate would also be astronomically high due to break-ins and the cost of the merchandise ... ...ad is just the sale of smoked marijuana. The sale of hemp wasnt calculated into it that it would just bring up the tax money and possibly take its percentage of GDP up to fifteen or at the most eighteen percent. Medicinal uses of it outweigh by far the supposed cancers it produces. If given the chance marijuana could be the next penicillin a miracle drug curing sicknesses never purpose to be curable. Marijuana the so-called gateway drug the highly addictive drug, this was all a lie. Its been shown that marijuana is not even as addictive as caffeine or chocolate. Cigarettes cause twice as many cancers as marijuana and marijuanas non-smoked form causes no cancers while chew cigarettes non-smoking form causes several spoken cancers. If these reasons are enough for you to reconsider your view on marijuana laws please visit http//www.norml.com and see what the truth is.

The Rocking Horse Winner and The Lottery Essay -- Literary Analysis

In two The Rocking Horse Winner by D.H. Lawrence and The Lottery by Shirley Jackson, the authors take critical aim at two staples of mainstream values, materialism and usage respectively. Both authors approach these themes through several different literary devices such as personification and symbolism however, it is the authors use of roughageization that most develop their themes. Well be taking a look at the parallel passages in the stories that advance their themes particularly when those passages involve both of the authors subtle character descriptions, and why this method of character development is so powerful in conveying the authors messages. The only story in which an author employed personalization is The Rocking Horse Winner, and did so to profound effect. The whisperings of the house is the prototypal indicator the reader has that the protagonist familys materialism is not merely an interesting trait (as evidenced by the description of the familys feeling of superio rity in their community) that will be the focus of the storys theme and plot as well. Lawrence pays special care to make sure that the sinister mood generated by constant and present whispers, and the potential to enhance the theme, does not go to waste. By assigning the whispers to specific locations and objects, having inanimate objects notice them, and having the whispers respond to events in the story (especially the introduction of Pauls 5000 winnings), Lawrence highlights the critical character of his short story with regards to materialism. It is the authors portrayal of Paul, however, that most promotes the theme throughout the story. Pauls most striking trait is his obsession that, although is an obvious correlate to his... ...ose traits for the purpose of making us moral people. The reader is also asked to look beneath the veneer of civilized behavior that typically surrounds them and wonder at the possibility of such an atrocity be committed by ones neighbors in the name of tradition and community.Both of these short stories are excellent examples of works with masterfully expressed themes that leave a last impression on the reader. In particular, the impact of these two stories stems from the two authors insightful choices about character description, as well as their use of literary device. Although both themes are, themselves, important, without each authors decision to communicate their characters traits in a subtle manner that restricted the accessibility of information to the reader, they might not have ended up being studied in literature classes today.

The Color Purple :: Essays Papers

The twist PurpleThe novel, The Color Purple, is an epistolary novel. In the letterforms, Alice Walker gives several ideas, such as, friendship, domination, courage & independence. She impacts readers by looking at the humbug through the eyes of Celie and Nettie. The book describes the fateful life of a young lady. It tells how a 14 year old girl fights through all the steps and finally she is in command for her own life. Celie is the young lady who has been constantly physically, sexually, and emotionally abused.Eventually she turns into a lesbian. In the book, The Color Purple, dear God, Nettie, dear stars and trees ar the only people she communicates with. All the letters show that Celie is a very insecure person, and that reflects to her teenage years. All the abusing caused her a scar in her heart, which would stay there and wouldnt go away. Every time she thought about the abusement she felt like she was experiencing it all over again. In The Color Purple, there are many scraps, which heighten from the theme. First of all, Celie is against Pa and Mr._____, that shows the conflict of man Vs man, and unfortunately, Celie doesnt founder the power to fight back physically. Secondly, Celie and herself that show the conflict of man Vs him/herself. She cant win over herself and that is why she doesnt have enough courage to stand up and be in command for her own life. Thirdly, the tradition of men had high social status then women. That shows the conflict of man Vs society. At the end of the book Celie eventually fight over the tradition. Men are no longer in charge for her life.In the book, The Color Purple, Alice Walker used several symbols and personifications to describe Celies insecure and painful life. From the view of a reader, the title of the book, The Color Purple represents the pain and the bruises that had been given to Celie through her contemptible life. Dear God, Nettie, dears stars and trees show Celies insecure personality, also Alice Walker personalized the stars and trees to be involved with Celies communication. By reading through the book, readers would understand the discriminations of men and womens social statuses at that time when the story was taking place, and Celie is just one of those young ladies who has a fateful life.

Different social, professional and cultural contexts Essay

When communicating with others we need to consider the context within which we atomic number 18 inclineing. We would need to adapt the way we communicate for different situations, most people do this automatically. Your school should acquire a range of planned communication for dealings with other professionals there would be informal communications, meetings and discussions.Talking is not the only way we communicate. The way we respond to others, how quickly we respond either in person, by telephone, email, etc, respecting other stopping points, for example in some cultures it is polite to maintain eye contact but not in other cultures.Always make certainly you can be understood whether talking to soul or in a letter or email.SocialOne good way to take heed about your schools culture and much more is to begin investing in relationships with other adults in the school. Value their insights, value them and the relationships you have with them. see moreDifferent reasons people communicateessayLunchtime in the staff room can be a good time to have a little chat/conversation or catch up with them. You are likely to find out about children with behavioural problems and how they tackle these issues, whats coming up next in the school and you are less likely to have the feeling of being left out. If every time you go into the staffroom for lunch, you are seen and heard to be talking loudly on your mobile phone, texting or just doing something else which is alienating you from everyone else, some people may find it bad-mannered and disregarding of others and so less likely to include you in conversations.ProfessionalOnce you become employed to work in a professional oscilloscope like a school, you are representing the school and should conduct yourself in a professionalmanner. This professional manner should include the way that you communicate with the pupils and other adults.You apparently cannot use words like lol,defo, and rofl, when you are sending an e mail or writing a comment on a childs work or communicating in a professional way in school. You should always use appropriate language and gestures for children, young people and adults an ensure that they encounter what you mean.CulturalCulture is the way that we identify groups of people who share common characteristics including language, values, social practices and attitudes. We are not usually aware of our culture until we meet someone from a different culture.The language, gestures, dressing, mannerisms, etc become obviously different.The same gestures may mean different things in different cultures. For example, in some countries it is generally disrespectful to looking at at someone directly and boldly in the eyes, especially if they are your senior (older than you, your boss, or of a higher social class/status), whereas in the united Kingdom, not making eye contact can be seen as a sign of dishonesty. If someone avoids making eye contact with you when speaking, perhaps that is the feign of culture not that they are rude, shy, uninterested or even dishonest.Where ever possible I would learn and adjust to the other persons culture to ensure that we communicate effectively and if I was unsure I would ask questions (not personal) and try to find out more.BibliographyBook Heinemann work based Learning support teaching and learning in schools (primary) by Louise Burnham and Brenda Baker.Websites www.tafocus.co.uk/qcf-levels-and-units- QCF levels and units/Teaching Assistant Focus.

Articles of association Essay

This sets out the rules for running the confederacy. It contains the procedures for calling shareholder meetings, the number, rights, and obligations of directors, shareholder voting rights, and lastly details of how accounts will be unbroken and recorded.Once these two documents have been agreed they are sent to Companies Ho riding habit (a government body that watches over limited companies). If everything is in order, the registrar of companies issues a security of incorporation, which allows the company to start trading out makes the company a separate legal entity from the owners.Details of the directors and the secretarys intended call off for the registered office as well as their personal details and information of other directorships they may have held within the last five years.This must be signed after all the other documents as it confirms that all the other registration requirements have been fulfilled. This declaration must be signed before a solicitor.Once all the forms are completed, they should be send to the companys house where they are checked for such instances as confirming that the prospective officers of the company are not on the disqualified directors list.How the ownership suits the business activityPeacocks groups ownership suits their activity because they operate on a queen-sized scale by selling a wide range of goods like womens wear, (lingerie, night wear, swimwear, e-vie fashions), mens wear (jackets, shirts, ties, trousers), childrens wear (new borns, toddlers, babies), highroad wear, foot wear, home wear. With this, they employ more than 5000 personnel and trades from over 385 stores throughout the UK.The profits Peacocks receives from selling their goods is used to pay wages, and buying other products to be sell from the suppliers. Because Peacocks is a large company, it gets a lot of profits from different branches and can manage to sell a large number of products and also employ becoming staff to maintain the smooth running of the business.Relationship between the size of the business and the type of ownershipPeacocks is a large business covering 110,000 square up feet and has about 385 stores in the UK. It operates on a large scale and this is one of the reasons why it is a public limited company. It employs 5000 personnel to work for it throughout the UK.The industrial areas to which my businesses belongThe primary sector is concerned with the production or obtaining of raw materials. This includes occupations like farming, forestry, slanting and mining, and oil and gas drilling. For many products, such as fish fingers, this will be the first stage of production. The fish will be then sold on for processing at the secondary stage.The secondary sector deals with manufacturing, processing, construction, and assembly. This relates to manufacturers of consumer and industrial goods. A paper mill, a carpet factory, and a house builder are all found in this sector. Secondary industry processes th e goods that interject from the primary industry and turns them into something that people want.My two businesses, which are Peacocks, and Top Girl hairdressers both belong to the same industrial sector. They both belong to the tertiary sector, which is cognize as the service sector. The tertiary sector includes all the winrs of operate to businesses and to individuals, and can be divided into four sections. These are business services, financial and business services, deport and communication, retailing, distribution, hotels and catering.They belong to this sector because they provide services. Peacocks mainly provides retailing while top girl hairdressers provides hair styling. Top girl hairdressers also provides retailing but as a side activity. It sells a few hair products to its customers just in case they come to get their hair done without any products. They also provide information about maintaining hair. Peacocks sells womens wear, mens wear, home wear and childrens we ar.Consultancy work is generally popular- tax consultants, management consultants, and computer consultants. Whenever there is constant, fast change that affects business you will find that consultants are often used to advise how best to adjust to these.Recruitment agencies and selection consultants depend on the play market. When unemployment is high they may struggle, when employment is good and people are looking to change jobs regularly they benefit from increased business. Dont forget that enlisting agencies often specialise in temporary employment opportunities.Security firms are becoming more and more popular. Certainly many retail organisations do.Security services are normally sub-contracted because this is more cost-effective than employing and managing specialised security staff.Industrial cleaners are also sub-contracted. Your college probably buys in its cleaning services quite an than employing cleaners. This has been a growth area for entrepreneurs in the past few years.Secretarial services are generally less popular than they were several years ago. The use of computers and modern software packages means that many people can produce their own documents quickly and easily.

The Bridge to San Luis Rey

The Bridge of San Luis Ray is an American author Thornton Wilders second impudent first published in 1927. It tells the story of several interrelated people who die in the collapse of an Inca rope-fiber suspension bridge in Peru. A frior named companion raetam witnessed the tragic accident. He has taken on a mission to find out why the five people had to die with the collapse of the bridge. Juniper decided to research the lives of the five victims and figure out the reason of their deaths, why God chose the lives of these five people.He wanted theology to take the place among consider science. Before now, he had lacked a laboratory. He had studied other specimens, People who had died if spider bites or their houses burning down. But these accidents hadnt been fit for examination, because they lacked proper control. The accidents had been dependant upon benevolent error or they had the elements of probability. The bridge collapse was an Act of God, so it made a perfect laboratory . Juniper could figure out Gods intentions is a pure state.Juniper know the answer to his experiment but wanted to prove it historically and mathematically to his coverts. He thought his stubborn converts were slow to commit that God insertd pains into their lives for their own good. Juniper had tried to experiment before to justify the ways of God and man, for example he kept a translate of Prayers for Rain and their results. Juniper worked on the bridge experiment for six years. He asked the people in Lima thousands of questions. His goal was establishing the fact that each of the five lives was a perfect whole. Juniper finished a huge keep back but it was publicly burned in the great square. A secret copy of thr book remained. It is in the Library of University of San Marco. Junipers book contains thousands of facts about the victims and why God had chosen each victim. Juniper never new the central passion of Dona Marias life non Uncle Pios life not even Estabans. And I, who claim to know so much more, am not it possible that even I have missed the really spring within the spring?

Families Play an Important Role in the Future of a Child Essay

Susan Lieberman, a Ph.D. psychologist, once said, Family traditions counter alienation and confusion. They help us define who we are they provide something steady, original and safe in a confusing world.It is true, that families indeed play an important role in the future of a electric shaver. Families nurture a child, and mould him or her into who they become in the future. Families are the support and backing of a child, and how they are going to identify and pursue their dreams and by and large depend on their family of origin. A child is shaped through beliefs and values that his or her family holds about the world and that are based on family members experiences. Without a family, a child would be relinquished of the chance to be guided and nurtured, and their future would be bleak and unclear.In todays modern font society, a childs family moreover consists of their mother and father, and perhaps a sibling or two. A childs parents are the ones supporting the family, go forth for work at first light, and only returning in the late crimsoning. They are too kept up in the hectic working lifestyle, and ultimately are incapable of making time to spend with their children. The children, in turn, are unable to share with someone about their days activities, and lack the prospect to be guided and taught the right values and behavior they should uphold and portray in their lives. This could be highly detrimental to a child, as they are non given a chance to experience a familys love and warmth, and they will grow cold and distant. To illustrate this point, the child, as he or she grows older, whitethorn turn to their friends who may be a bad influence on them, or may turn to substances such as drinking, smoking or tax return drugs, so as to fill that void of family in their hearts. Consequently, the child has already been guided away from the bright future they would have if it werent for his or her wanting(p) family. Their future would look bleak and hop eless.Conversely, a child who has experienced parental and family love would be able to uphold the proper values in life. They would be able to tell right from wrong, as they would have been guided and taught by their parents past experiences. Their beliefs and thinking stack be reinforced and justified, and they will be attribute on the right path to pursue their future. As stressed in the quote above, families help a child define who we are they provide something steady, reliable and safe in a confusing world. The role families play in the future of a child is extremely crucial, as it is the deciding factor of what a child believes in and also their ability to tell apart right from wrong in our confusing world.Statistics show that children raised in families do damp if their parents stay together than if they divorced. This highlights the importance of the role families play in the future of their child. If there is a divorce between a childs parents, the child could be too dis traught and traumatised by the separation and the feeling of having to accept that he or she would never have a proper family ever again. It can be severely detrimental to the child and he or she may not be able to focus properly on their studies, and can even withdraw from their social circle. With failing studies, the child will lose the chance to have a bright future, and may eventually get influenced by their surroundings to take substances in order to cope with their loss. Hence, this proves the importance of having a whole family. Only with a proper and loving family can a child prevail and grow into a beautiful person he or she is meant to be in the future.A child in a family should never be neglected. Without giving supervision and with the lack of care and concern showered upon a child, he or she may feel neglected and unloved, that his or her presence means nothing to their family, that they are unwanted. This could lead to the mental thought that they are unwanted, or in extreme cases, depression. This shows how important a role family plays in the future of a child. Family gives a wiz of security to the child, that no matter what happens, their family will always be there to support them and nurture them. If such a feeling is stripped from them, they can be led astray from the right path.Families definitely play a big part in the upbringing and the future of a child. They lead the child prevail over the right path, and are always watching over them, ready to correct their mistakes and teach them the correct values they should have. A family gives a child a sensory faculty of belonging and a sense of love toward each other.

Common Intention Essay

portion 149 deals with the 5 or more people as that would account for unlawful fictionalization here section 34 is not applicable. Section 34 talks about common intention whereas section 149 talks about common prey such as the common object have a wider scope. Common intention is if two or more person commits any crime with the selfsame(prenominal) intention and under a prearranged plan, but in common objectit is not necessary that there should be a prior concert in the sense of a meeting of the members of the unlawful assembly, the common object may form on spur of the moment it is enough if it is adopted by all the members and is shared by all of them.In section 34 Participation of the people in crime is an important aspect, even standing people who indirectly help in commissioning of crime are also prosecuted. But in Section 149 mere membership of the mathematical group of an unlawful assembly is sufficient enough for prosecution. Section 34 is substantive evidence and othe r sections like 302 murder has to be clubbed with it. Section 149 is a constructive crime in itself.Section 34 manages Done by Several Persons in Furtherance of Common Intention-According to Section 34, when a fell act is done by several(prenominal) persons in furtherance of common intention of all, each of such persons is liable for that act in the same manner as if it were done by him alone. aspiration of Section 34-Section 34 lays down only a rule of evidence and does not create a substantive offence. This section is intend to meet cases in which it may be difficult to distinguish between the acts of the individual embers of a party or to prove exactly what part was interpreted by each of them in furtherance of the common intention of all. This section really means that if two or more persons intentionally do a thing jointly, it is just the same as if each of them has done it individually. The reason why all are deemed guilty in such cases is that the presence of accomplices g ives encouragement, aliveness and protection to the person actually committing an act. Elements of Section 34To attract the application of Section 34, the following conditions must be satisfied- 1.Some Criminal Act Criminal act used in section 34 does not refer to individual acts where a crime is committed by a group of persons. Where a crime is committed by several persons in furtherance of common intention of all of them, each of them doing some act, similar or diverse, well-favoured or small shall be liable for that act. That act refers to the criminal act used in section 34 which means the unity of criminal demeanour which results in something for which an individual would be punishable if it were all done by himself alone in an offence. . Criminal Act Done By Several Persons The criminal act in question must have been done by several persons i. e. by more than one person. The number of wrong doers should be at least two. Most importantly, if the criminal act was fresh and in dependent act springing wholly from the mind of the doer, the others are not liable merely because when it was done they were intending to be partakers with the doer in a different criminal act. 3.

Passenger Satisfaction Survey

passenger Satisfaction Survey motif and Benchmarking of mathematical process Standards Hkkjrh jsy ifjogu izcU/ku laLFkku ykuA Indian lines Institute of Transport Management Lucknow July 2012 PASSENGER SATISFACTION SURVEY comprehend AND BENCHMARKING OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS Dr. KALPANA DUBE Senior Professor (Finance & PPP) Assisted by Kishor Mehta, CMI, IRITM Ankit Tandon, RA, IIM Lucknow July 2012 Indian rail lines Institute of Transport Management Lucknow Government of India Ministry of railway lines DisclaimerThe findings contained in the passenger Satisfaction Survey idea ar meant to focus on those Service related to areas which require better attention by the Service Providers. Like all other Surveys these represent however an indicative checklist of areas of action and reforms and are by no means exhaustive and fully descriptive. The Survey was restricted to some cities of northern parts of the Country, the observations and findings get limit to that extent and whit ethorn non apply ipso facto to all Indian Railway rider run. PPP Knowledge Center, Copyright IRITMMESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR PPP knowledge concenter was setup at IRITM in 2008. IRITM has a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with IIM Lucknow, for writing Research Papers, Case Studies and assimilating research findings into comprehensive periodic reports to be apply for ameliorate training inputs. This is the 4th publication of the Centre. The earlier 3 publications 1. Ideas on PPP, Dr. Kalpana Dube, elder Prof. (Fin. & PPP), IRITM & Ashish Shukla 2. A Handbook on Project Finance & PPP Terminology, Dr. Kalpana Dube, Sr. Prof. (Fin. & PPP), IRITM & Ankit Tandon 3.Studying the Efficacy of an Airport Modernization Concession Agreement, Dr. Kalpana Dube, Sr. Prof. (Fin. & PPP), IRITM The above publications contain been well received not only by the Railways but even alfresco in the Government, Private Sector and Educational Institutions. Indian Railways is the life line of the nation . It has been instrumental in bringing about a social, cultural and economic transmutation in our society and has been a strong uniting and integrating force. Despite being a monopoly in passenger serve which are highly subsidized, tin can it afford to have a dissatisfied guest?To keep the nation moving and the customers happy, our net social service obligations in 2010-11 constituted 17. 57% of complete expenditure. Analysis of profitability of Coaching function showed a loss of 21,324 crores to which net suburban losses in Chennai, Kolkatta and Mumbai contributed Rs. 2364 crores. Other factors have also accelerated the locating which include low second class ordinary fares non suburban commuters and concession in fare extended to various categories. No other transport sphere of influence today is offering rates which could compete with the Railways.Despite so much of effort if we are still unable to keep our Customer satisfied there for certain seems to be some communicat ion gap between us and the Customer. In order to asses that gap IRITM conducted a Passenger Satisfaction Survey on the northernern, North Central and North Eastern Railway, the result of which are summarized in the publication. We hope the results would allow us the Railway personnel to introspect about our Customer solicit and initiate us to overtake a better service and be more vocal in showing our concern for keeping our Customer Happy. Ashima Singh handler IRITM Lucknow July 2012FOREWORD Passenger Amenities and provision of certain essential as well as desirable features on Railway institutionalises as well as on-board train go continually engage the attention of policy makers in the Railway Board as well as the Field Officers in the Zones and Divisions. The scope level scenario at major stations in the inelegant differs in terms of scope as well as its perceived usefulness by the Railway Passengers. The present survey was designed to get a comprehensive feedback on 37 d ifferent service parameters related to passenger conveniences and station facilities.While the heading assessment fields were readily responded to by most passengers the open ended questions did not elicit detailed replies and were perfunctory. The perception gap between Passenger responses and Railway Officers responses also highlighted some interesting differences. Illumination at orders, Signage and uncloudedness of Train Announcements and Booking Counter experience have got very favorable responses. The deficiency areas which were most reported on were cleanliness on platforms and train toilets, late running of trains as well as unauthorized people in compartments.What must be emphasized here is that none of these areas actually require capital expenditure or investments or repeated policy directives. They just require vigilantism, active control and better coordination among the service providers within the various departments. A standard protocol of maintenance, cleanline ss and supervision functions needs to be worked upon just like the various service related parameters put in operation at the newly developed and modernized airports. (Please refer Annexure). This is a standard checklist of service parameters insisted upon by Delhi outside(a) Airport control (DIAL).A similar act would go a long way in ensuring better services on our premium stations especially A1, and A categories. The cusp has been designed in such a manner that passenger responses can be very easily understood through use of colorful artistic creation and simple data presentation, however the larger question which needs to be addressed is that can we provide station and on board housekeeping services which are game changers and path breaking at the same time? Which reflect a paradigm shift in the way Passenger Services are traditionally being offered by Indian Railways.Perhaps the new office Development Corporation announced recently may introduce sweeping changes to radical ly alter the present system of addressing Passenger Amenities and general conveniences to be made available to the public. The Station Development Corporation has been conceived with the primary objective of augmenting and improving passenger related amenities at stations. All the issues highlighted in the current survey would perhaps get addressed if fast tracking the activities of the Station Development agency can show visible early results.The areas of action being well designed concourses, high end waiting spaces, easy recover with disabled friendly options for station premises, congestion free platforms, modern catering facilities etc. The Report has been made more useful by adding edited versions of the comprehensive, pan-India Passenger Service Surveys and Station Cleanliness Surveys conducted by the CAG (Railways) in the last few age. In addition, some additional literature and visuals of world class stations have been added to give a feel of what the future may look like in the days to come for Passenger Amenities and Services in Modernized Railway Stations.The Report has also been substantiated with identifying certain important performance benchmarks, using examples from the Aviation Sector. Performance benchmarking and improving customer perception are important milestones in improving station premises and passenger services beyond the conventional targets to the next level. A level which is path breaking and futuristic in its vision and implementation. If the checklist of the 37 parameters use in this study as well as the findings contained in the Audit Reports are read and comprehended by the Railway officers responsible for these functions, the project of the survey would be fulfilled.However, it may be useful to reiterate that station maintenance procedures must follow the KISNE principle i. e. Keep It Smart Neat and Efficient. overly while we cannot promise the moon to our customers we must ensure that what we do promise we deliver at all times with 100% efficiency and Zero Failures. These are achievable because we have a long experience of managing stations and procedures are well laid out. What is perhaps needed is a well established drill of adhering to a standard protocol of Station and Train Maintenance Practices and not allow the drill to falter even for a day.A well thought strategy, clearcutness in execution and applying Six Sigma principles for not deviating from the Standard Maintenance and Supervision Protocol would go a long way establishing a New score which is easy to replicate and easy to follow. Dr. Kalpana Dube Senior Professor IRITM Lucknow July 2012 The more you engage with customers the clearer things become and the easier it is to determine what you should be doing. -John Russell CONTENTS SN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 TopicsObjectives of the Passenger Survey Criteria and Methodology Sample Size/Target Respondents Passenger Survey Findings Response by Railway Officers Suggestions for Proactive Action Comparison of General customary & Railway Officers Response Perception Gap Between the General Public as Rail Users and Railway Officers as Rail Users Graphical Representation of the Findings schema For Promoting Indian Railways Image And Train Travel Experience Some Suggestions Benchmarking & Performance Assessment Measures Sub Report One Sample Service grapheme Specifications For Delhi International Airport Ltd. DIAL) Conceptual Background for Railway Stations as Profit & Investment Centers Sub Report Two CAG Recommendations on Passenger Services in Indian Railways 2008-09 Sub Report Three CAG Recommendations on Cleanliness and Sanitation on Indian Railways 2007-08 Annexure 1 Citizen Charter on Passenger Services of Indian Railways Annexure 2 Questionnaire Used for the Passenger Satisfaction Survey for IR Performance & Service Standards Page No. 1 1 2 3 5 6 7 9 10 25 26 27 28 33 38 40 42 46Passenger Satisfaction Survey Report and Benchmarking of Perform ance Standards Objectives of the Passenger Survey To review the facilities provided to the passengers right from ticket booking to the on-board run experience in the trains To asses if facilities provided in trains were adequate and effectively maintained or not, from the window pane of Passenger Satisfaction in Station Maintenance Practices. To know the priority areas so that these can be strengthened to optimize passenger satisfaction.To asses the overall travel experience of the passengers in the Indian Railways and their perception of the organization. Criteria and Methodology An open ended questionnaire with about 37 parameters was prepared and survey was conducted with the help of three field executives provided by the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Lucknow. The survey was conducted over a period of ten days through direct contact and filling up of the questionnaire by on-board passengers of all the Travel Classes (AC, 2nd Sleeper).The routes identified for the sur vey were mainly on the Northern part of the country Lucknow New Delhi Lucknow, Lucknow Gorakhpur Lucknow, Lucknow Varanasi Lucknow, Lucknow Allahabad Lucknow, Lucknow Kanpur Lucknow, Lucknow Moradabad Lucknow, Lucknow Firozpur Lucknow. All the Stations surveyed belonged to A-1 and A category. 1 Passenger Satisfaction Survey Report and Benchmarking of Performance Standards Sample Size/Target Respondents The sample size of the survey was around 700 passengers which included 100 Railway Officers as well.The general passengers age profile was from 15 years to 65 years with maximum response coming in from the young adults/youth i. e. 26-35 years of age. About 28% were female respondents and balance were males. Quality in a service or product is not what you put into it. It is what the client or customer gets out of it. Peter F. Drucker 2 Passenger Satisfaction Survey Report and Benchmarking of Performance Standards Passenger Survey Findings Top Efficiencies 1. Illumination & Signages 2. Availability of Porters (Coolies) at the Station 2.Booking Clerk Competency & Behaviour 3. Clarity of Announcement at Stations Top Deficiencies 1. Cleanliness of Toilets 2. Unauthorized Vendors & Passengers 2. Cleanliness of Platforms 3. Late Running of Trains Top Three Concerns/Priority Areas 1. promptitude 2. Quality of services 3. Safety Satisfactory Services (Rated as Good) 1. Ambience of Waiting inhabit/Rest Rooms 2. Seating, Water, Trolley facilities at the Platform 3. determine of Food 4. Linen/Bedroll Cleanliness 5. Fans and Lights in the Trains 3 Passenger Satisfaction Survey Report and Benchmarking of Performance StandardsOther Findings of the Survey More than 60% of the people have used IT Enabled services such as Internet Ticketing, Enquiry Kiosks, Touch Screens, etc. 64% of the passengers surveyed confirmed that they have seen service improvements in the Railways in the last quintuplet years. 31 % of the passengers surveyed are satisfied with the Railw ay Amenities/ facilities. 35 % of the passengers surveyed think that Railways are giving Value for Money for the services provided. 47 % of the passengers surveyed rated Overall Services provided by the Railways as Good Your most unhappy customers are your greatest source of learning. Bill Gates 4 Passenger Satisfaction Survey Report and Benchmarking of Performance Standards Response by Railway Officers Top Efficiencies 1. Booking Clerk Competency & Behaviour 2. Quality & Quantity of Food made available 3. Clarity of Announcement at Stations Top Deficiencies 1. Coach/Toilets occupied by Unauthorized Passenger & Vendors 2. Handling of Theft Cases 3. Cleanliness of Toilets/Coaches Top three Concerns/Priority Areas 1. Quality of Service 2. Punctuality 3. CleanlinessSatisfactory Services (Rated as Good) 1. Water in the Coaches 2. Seating, Water, Trolley facilities at the Platform 3. Cleanliness of Platform 4. Ambience of Waiting Rooms/Rest Rooms 5. Illumination & Signages 5 Passenger Satisfaction Survey Report and Benchmarking of Performance Standards Other Findings of the Survey More than 70% of the Railway Officers have used IT Enabled services such as internet ticketing, enquiry kiosks, touch screens, etc. 94% of the Railway Officers surveyed confirmed that they have seen service improvements in the Railways in the last quin years. 7 % of the Railway Officers surveyed are satisfied with the Railway Amenities/ Facilities. 86 % of the Railway Officers surveyed think that Railways giving Value for Money for the services provided. 85 % of the Railway Officers surveyed rated Overall Services provided by the Railways as Good. 6 This handbook on Passenger Satisfaction Survey and Benchmarking of Performance Standards has been compiled using the results obtained in a 15 day extensive Passenger Survey launched by IRITM PPP Knowledge Centre in association with IIM Lucknow.The survey was in the northern part of the country covering A-1 and A category stations. 700 responses were obtained on 37 different passenger service parameters under nine categories ranging from Point of Sale to On-board Facilities to IT based Passenger Transactions. These have been compiled in easy to read, colourful graphics in this Report. The Report has been made more useful by adding edited versions of the comprehensive, pan-India Passenger Service Surveys and Station Cleanliness Surveys conducted by the CAG (Railways) in the last few years.In addition, some additional literature and visuals of world class stations have been added to give a feel of what the future may look like in the days to come for Passenger Amenities and Services in Modernized Railway Stations. This handbook would be of use not only to IRTS Probationers but also to all frontline Managers and Staff in Indian Railways responsible for Station Maintenance, Sanitation and Passenger Amenities. The handbook can also be accessed on the IRITM website www. iritm. indianrailways. gov. in.A customer is the most important visitor on our premises, he is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an interruption in our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider in our business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favor by serving him. He is doing us a favor by giving us an opportunity to do so. Mahatma Gandhi Hkkjrh jsy ifjogu izcU/ku laLFkku ykuA Indian Railways Institute of Transport Management Lucknow Hardoi By-Pass Road, P. O. Manak Nagar, Lucknow 226 011 Ph. 0522-2471961, autotype 0522-2473929, website www. iritm. indianrailways. gov. in

Apple’s Innovation Strategy Essay

Innovation strategies are important for businesses to remain viable in this competitive market. Innovation also allows businesses to set the pace for the future. Apple continues to be the known as one of the leading electronic manufacturers in the world. Their innovation continues to displace consumer and remain a threat to its competitors. Apple is known for its Mac line of products. This paper will describe and evaluate Apples Innovative Strategy, tin information from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings, and introduce the Mac Mini from Apple.Description of Innovation StrategyIn todays society, consumers want the latest engineering science in their homes and businesses. Apple continues to provide new products and meet the needs of the consumers. Apple has been successful because of their effective marketing and research strategies. Apples innovation has allowed them to assign desktops, iPads, iPods, notebooks, and wireless devices just to list some of their prod ucts (Apple Inc., 2015).. Apple continues to provide high quality, moderately priced products to consumers. The organization uses consumer scenes to get feedback on how well the products are doing in the market. The survey also provides other features consumers would like within a product.In 2014, Apple introduced the Mac Mini after the discontinuation of the server model. The Mac Mini was the showtime consumer desktop to be sold without display, keyboard, or mouse after Apples success release of the iMac (Apple Inc, 2015). The target consumers of this product are consumers changing from the tralatitious Windows PC. The purpose is compatibility. The Mac Mini added feature is the HDMI port which allows consumers to connect to televisions or other display as an alternative to Apple TV.

Marriage, Divorce, and Military Families

Running boss Marriage, Divorce, and Military Families Marriage, Divorce, and Military Families Marriage is a conduit through which idols grace flows to the couple and their children. The church understands sexual union among a serviceman and woman to be a sacrament, a visible sign of the grace that God gives them to help them live their lives here and now so as to be able to join him in eternity. Marriage is friendly as well as religious, but its religious aspects are very important. The leger repeatedly compares the relationship between man and wife to that between God and Israel or between delivery boy and his Church.For unification is a holy vocation. Since the Church sees wedding party as holy, it believes it must be treated with reverence. It to a fault recognizes that marriage is basic to the health of society and therefore a public institution that must be defended against harm. Marriage is a public institution. Consequently, proposals that could harm the institution of marriage must be subjected to the same carriage of objective analysis that we give any public policy question. Marriage is not just a private matter of emotion between two people. On the contrary, its success or failure has measurable impact on both of society.Rational analysis yields solid, objective reasons for limiting marriage to champion man and one woman-reason anyone cannister agree with on purely secular grounds (Zinn, B. M. , D. Eitzen, S. , Wells, B. , 2008). However, one of the downsides to redefining marriage would be the weakening of the meaning of marriage, which would be breaks. Human nature being what it is, if the meaning of marriage is weakened, it will be psychologically easier for even more people to carve up. Look at what happened when no-fault separate was legalized. The divorce rate skyrocketed.If the nature of marriage is further undermined in the minds of couples then when things get rocky, more couples will be tempted not to pop off through th eir problems and get happy again but rather to divorce and mark well-nighone else (Hogan,P. ,,R. ,2010). That is a bad idea, because most marriage therapists agree that divorce generally doesnt work. Divorce doesnt solve the problems that caused the first marriage to break up. Divorced people bring the same problems to their new marriages that broke up their old ones. Thats why second and later arriages are statistically far more comparablely to end in divorce than first marriages are. Also, a large majority of couples who contemplate divorce but stay together run along themselves as happily unite five years later. So staying together works better than divorce. The Romans had an fire view towards marriage matrimonia debent esse libera or marriages ought to be free. This meant that either spouse could opt out of the marriage if things werent working out for them. Centuries later, Victorian England had a vastly different view (Bouvier, 1856).People got married and stayed toget her for better or for worse. Society frowned on divorce and divorced people were likely to find themselves social pariahs. In the present century, both these views prevail. It depends on which part of the planet you live in and in what kind of culture. Divorce rates are higher(prenominal) in European or American countries, where singular freedom is given higher stress, than in, say, Asian or African ones, where familial and social opinions cause higher stress. With globalization, of course, the backward countries are catching up.Women, especially, with access to higher education and higher salaries, are less volition to put up with traditional roles and expectations (Devine). Social and cultural moralists are having a field day, predicting, like always, fearsome consequences for the social fabric. No, divorce isnt joy-inducing, but then neither is a corrosive marriage. In much(prenominal) a case, splitting up is preferable to staying together for the children or to keep up socia l appearances. Anyway, it all really depends upon the kind of relationship you stand.Some relationships are worth working on, some arent. in that respect are many different and complex causes and reasons for divorce, each of them specific to that particular couples married relationship, their individual experiences and personal problems. None of them may seem common to the people going through a divorce, of course, but many of the reasons recur enough to warrant the term. These causes for divorce may vary from the lack of lading to the marriage to the lack of communication between spouses infidelity abandonment Physical, sexual, or even Substance Abuse, etceteraFurthermore, it takes a very special person to stand and accept that the rest of their lives are devoted to something big than themselves and their own little worlds. It takes an incredible commitment and an enduring love to withstand a life livelihood someone else who may not be there by their beside on days when you are whimsy blue, and who may not hold you in those prison terms when the life around you is not so sweet. Now, marriage is hard enough, there are times when all husbands and wives question the sanity of a relationship that requires such hard work.Couples get through this by being together and keeping at it as a team. Sadly, many soldiers relationships do not have this luxury of being together to keep things on track. This is when the armament husband or wife just has to sort through couple issues alone (Rentz et al, 2007). solo the sloppedest committed individual can carry the weight of two in a relationship, and it takes a strong intimate trusting bond to make it at all possible. The military eases the lives of service members and their families in some very significant ways. Paychecks are regular.Benefits, such as healthcare and legal assistance, are unparalleled in the civilian world. And, in a time of economic uncertainty, the job security provided by the armed forces is a true blessing (Rentz et al, 2007). However, every positive aspect of military life is matched by at to the lowest degree one negative, especially for married service members and their families. Military and civilian marriages face the same marriage-stressors and marriage-killers, but the challenges face by military marriages are both compounded and additional (Banner, 2008).Danielle Rentz and associates argues that the impact and stress of war may occur before, during, and after deployment and extend beyond the military soldier to include stress and emotional fluster for his or her family. Anticipation of deployment can lead to feelings of anger, resentment, and hurt within the family. Separation during deployment may create the self-reliance of new family roles by the partner left behind, disruption of family routines, uncertainty about the service members safety, and the inability to plan for the future (Rentz et al, 2007).They base their discussion on the research and studie s on the Effect of Deployment on the Occurrence of Child Maltreatment in Military. Betty Myers writes a testimony of her days married to a military man and unravels a story from past that lead to divorce. Her story is yet another cause for divorce within a military family. The stress of war and unknowing of what occurs to a spouse takes a terms on a marriage. This is a testimony of her personal experience and this will assist my paper for the causes of divorce (Myers, 1988). Bennington Banner analyzes the statistical entropy of military divorce rate in every branch of the arm Forces.He states that the long and repeated deployments required of many troops have been widely blamed for precious stresses on military couples. Spouses at home must manage families and households without their partner. He concluded that there were an estimated 10,200 failed marriages in the active duty Army and 3,077 among Marines, according to figures obtained by The Associated Press for the budget year ended Sept. 30. His data can help me prove the point that the numbers of divorce in the Arm Forces are keel (Banner, 2008). Joseph Devine explains that military marriages undergo a very specific set of strains.They face the possibility of sudden moves to faraway locales, rapid deployments, and even premature death. He stated when youre married to someone in the military, its often like youre married to the military itself (Devine). Your life revolves around what the military wants from you and your spouse, and theres not a whole lot you can do about it. In summary, the ways in which each military marriage survives are all personal and unique to their own, but the emotional journey is one that can really be mum only by another military spouse (Hogan,P. ,,R. ,2010).The one thing all military spouses have in common with each other is their ultimate pride in their husbands and wives, and to survive the journey as a military spouse, their shared pride of place alongside their incredi ble military husbands and wives. While military marriages are an entity of their own, the non-military couples could learn many things from them. The special goodbyes for instance are important. A military husband or wife knows the value of not leaving issues unresolved, and has learned the art of letting the silly things go (Hogan,P. ,,R. ,2010).They do not have until the afternoon, or the next day or the day after that to get all over it, they are too aware that tomorrow is unpredictable. A military marriage does not have the time to wallow in unimportant debate. The most important thing to them is to be sure to let the one they love know that they are appreciated. Petty unimportant arguments have a way of clouding the categorical love that holds a marriage together. References Banner, B. Divorce rate up in Army, Marine Corps. (2008,December3). Retrieved February 3, 2010, from ProQuest Newsstand. (Document ID1606239161). Bouvier, J. (1856).Matrimonia debent esse libera. (n. d. ) A Law Dictionary, Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States. Retrieved April 27 2010 from http//legal-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/Matrimonia+debent+esse+libera Devine, J. Divorce and the Military. Retrieved from http//ezinearticles. com/? Divorce- and-the-Military=3605202 Hogan,P. ,,R.. (2010). Marriage and the Military Evidence That Those Who shell out Marry Earlier and Divorce Earlier. Armed Forces and Society,36(3),420. Retrieved May 4, 2010, from Career and Technical Education. (Document ID2002732321). Myers, B. (1988).Story Of A cast aside Military Wife. Minerva,VI(2),77. Retrieved February 3, 2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document ID624746591). Rentz, E. D. ,Marshall, W. S. ,Loomis, D, Casteel, C. , Martin, S. L. , Gibbs, D. A. (2007). Effect of Deployment on the Occurrence of Child Maltreatment in Military and Nonmilitary Families. American Journal of Epidemiology,165(10),1199-206. Retrieved February 3, 2010, from ProQuest Health and Medical Complete . (Document ID1268687131). Zinn, B. M. , D. Eitzen, S. , Wells, B. , (2008). Divorce and Remarriage. (Ed. 8) Diversity of Families (pp. 393- 410). Prentice Hall

Statement of Academic/ Career Goals

existence fond of pharmacy and with a desire to be a pharmacist, I m currently an undergrad student in College of Arts and Science with my majors in Chemistry. Ive ceaselessly dreamt of becoming a pharmacist plot of ground conceiveing in USA for which I am eager to work weighed d feature and whole heartedly. I was excessively in Letters Deans list in 2007-f solely semester and united the Chemistry school department symposium in 2008. I am excessively a social retainer and aim been a conductlong volunteer in Taiwanese Social Organization that took take bring off of impoverished patients in persistent vegetative state (PVS) suffers in nursing home environment.By fortune there I gained experience in cost reduction and acquired leadership and managerial skills. I etern onlyy lacked to strain some social function high in academics due to which I have high spirits and corporate trust in me. The reason for selecting United States among the numerous choices was the excellent attainment environment found there which is the single way to fulfill my academic aspirations and for which I am ready to progress to as much as possible. The way of teaching and inspiration that comes from United States attracts me the most which unfortunately, I wasnt fit to find in my country Taiwan.The learning environment at United States positively reinforces and encourages the students to think, express and be creative whereas in other countries punishments are used to push students along with cramming studies. In the United States, I believe that electromagnetic unit is the platform where I can betroth my highly spirited goals and where my skills can be enhanced and dressed(p) because of the learned science faculty available there. Ive been enrolled at this grand institute for more than a year and done my hard-fought work have been able to complete 50 credit hours up till now.Even though I was faced with a lot of problems and financial constraints, I never compromised on my result and attained an overall GPA of 3. 07 and maintained an excellent GPA of 3. 4 in my major. This institute opened me to a new world of science where I saw my dreams coming to be true. This period holds strategic importance in further nurturing my interest and convincing me with the passing time that electromagnetic unit is the right place for me for providing quality learning. electromagnetic unit not only played a role in increasing my knowledge and skills tho also made me learn other important things.The first thing that I learnt at the place was the significance of h unmatchedsty. The institute explained me new definitions of cheating and plagiarism which had been never taught beforehand and I in conclusion realized their importance in building my personality once I began to study at EMU. It made me more creative, self dependent and work harder since I learnt to complete assignments and reports with the help of my own ideas and information acquired through hard wo rk from different sources. This also helped in nurturing my grammar and composition skills which were tremendously improved.Moreover, my interpersonal skills improved drastically in the universitys environment which was previously hidden in the Chinese polish I came from. My introvert nature disappeared and I was able to interact freely with my professors and classmates while frequently summit questions which was not so in my old country school. EMU has taught me to be individualistic and self-reliant while at the same time made me affluent and interactive. By studying at EMU, Ive been able to acquire a professional knowledge through the courses and lectures taught by my learned professors.I had to take a lot of science courses since I was in the pre-pharmacy program. This was the point where my interest in Chemistry developed and eventually I became fond of it. Previously, I had an impression that Chemistry is a tough subject but the professors and learning environment at EMU mad e everything easy for me and my interest in Chemistry was further nurtured. In the initial semesters I learned about the basic principles and laws of Chemistry while in the last semester this knowledge became more profound and in-depth.All this knowledge and courses are adding up to my skills which will make me appropriate to pursue a locomote in pharmacy. Moreover, at EMU Ive learnt to collaborate and work as a team. This skill was acquired by working in labs where I gained not only practical skills but also attained the spirit of a team. I am now experienced at handling chemical apparatus and equipments for the purpose of using them in experiments. This demanded considerable hard work because of the language barriers due to which I had to preview lab manuals and practice a lot before coming to the lab.But since I am not afraid of hard work I did everything that it took to acquire complete knowledge. Breaking the language barriers was one of the greatest achievements for me and t hat built in me self confidence and strength to face challenges. This actually allowed me to help my classmates with their problems connect to labs, equations and graphs. The language obstacles instead of serving as a hindrance actually motivated me to strengthen my slope skills and communication power due to which I started organism careful on every detail.Besides Chemistry, I also focused on Biology and Physics which advanced my researching and citation, and measurements and calculations respectively. I also felt the bosom of American culture at EMU since my classmates understood that I came from a different cultural scope and helped me in every way in understanding the language and accommodating into an American culture. Studying at EMU has changed my life, and I truly think that EMU is the right place for me to accomplish my dream of being a pharmacist.The promising environment and the learned faculty encouraged me to take a further gait towards my goal. Delving more into m y career aspirations I assimilated more and more knowledge which made me more eager to learn. For all these reasons I have made my decision to complete my bachelor degree of Chemistry at EMU and then apply for pharmacy schools. I have high aspirations to pursue what I yearn for and want to live up to my dreams in order to be proud and self-satisfied. I am also cognizant of the fact that behind every dream there are hardships and I am ready to strive and work hard for achieving what I plan to.My philosophy in life is the belief in hard work because this can earn me what I strive for and I look forward to develop my particular(prenominal) skills and competences for achieving my long-term goals. For this my bachelor degree from EMU is very important for my future. I have financial troubles but your scholarship can serve as a blessing to me and help in fulfilling my long await dreams. Statement of Need I am a Taiwanese student working hard to achieve a career in my field of interest.L ike all other students, I am also striving to attain the skills and knowledge for expanding my horizons of intellectual abilities. In order to accomplish this, I have intractable to shift to US since it is a land of excellent education which can quench my thirst for knowledge. though adjusting in American culture is difficult but I have tried my level better to handle all the obstacles and have been able to adjust quite sound. I want to pursue career in pharmacy so that I can help people in their pain and sufferings which has always touched me.I come from a single family since my dad passed away when I was 13 and my mammary gland was the only person who had to work to earn a living for the whole family. She is now a 70 year old retiree and the whole family has to live on her reward plans. To date, I have blameless my education from my previous savings and help from my family. Since I have a younger brother and an older sister, I cannot use much of the savings of my family and therefore, I am left with a meager bill which is not enough to complete my under graduation. My family income is my mothers pension plan and her whole life savings which have almost exhausted.She has mortgaged her only house to a bank so that I continue studying in US in order to seek the dream of becoming a pharmacist. I am in a strong need for scholarship which is the only way through which I can make my future. Since I am categorized as an international student I have to pay a higher sum of money than the US residents which further worsens the problem. Moreover, the US politics does not permits international students to work and regards it as illegal therefore I dont have any source of income at present.My annual tuition fee is around $32000 apart from living, renting, transportation, books, eating etc. Since I am living without my family members therefore, I have no family support and have to manage all the expenses myself. The total expense of tuition and living becomes eno rmous and cannot be managed with the loaned amount and my mothers pension plans. This is why I am in a dire need of your scholarship so that I can continue my education and get the degree I promised my mother and myself.All these factors are a hindrance towards my academic progress therefore, I m writing this with great hope and faith in your scholarship program which can help in removing my worries and troubles. I need this scholarship desperately because I have exhausted my savings and family income on previous tuitions in US. My request for financial help is well intentioned and your scholarship can provide me with a relief after which I can devote my maximal attention to my dreams and aspirations of becoming a successful pharmacist.

Mina Harker: A Strong Character Essay

A operose character is one who possesses populacey qualities such as organism selfless, courageous and sacrificial. Dracula written by Bram Stoker portrays the young and witty minah Harker. She is the best practice session to fit the description of a strong character. mynah bird starts off as a young civilize mistress who is engaged. As the p disseminate progresses, her normal life changes and she is fontd with many challenges that she overcomes, that assign that she is the strongest personality in the novel.The first attribute that portrays minah as being the strongest character in the novel is her habit of being caring of everyone. The first time we see mynah bird doing so is when Lucy tells her that she has been proposed to by three different men, Dr. Seward, Quincey P. Morris, and Arthur Holmwood. Lucy loves the financial aid that is given to her by the three men and just like any best friend she tells mynah bird about it. Lucy says, Just Fancy THREE proposals in on e day (P. 60) Meanwhile, Jonathan, Minas fiance has been out of r each(prenominal) for the past month. Mina is quite worried about it but she hides her pain from Lucy so she doesnt worry about her problems.This not only shows that she is caring, it also shows that she is a great friend. Another specimen of Mina being caring is when she was staying with Lucy and her mother. Lucy had just started sleep walking and Mina did whatever she could to stop her. Mina did that despite knowing that she was under the curse of Dracula. She wrote, Lucy did not wake, but she got up twice and dressed herself. Fortunately, each time I awoke in time and managed to undress her without waking her, and got her back to bed. (P.93) Mina does a lot of little things that show that she is a genuinely caring person.Mina shows the reader that she cares about the ones around her and she is willing to do anything for them, tied(p) if it means to sacrifice her wants and needs. She shows that she really loves he r husband by sacrificing for his sake. Her journey of sacrificing starts when she is called to Vienne because Jonathan has been staying there because he was ill. Within a very short time of being with Jonathan, they get married. She marries a man who is not very sane at that time because of what he has been through. Jonathans insanitystarts to become more unadorned to her when he and Mina are walking down the road and he spots the Count and says I believe it is the Count, but he has grown young. (P. 184) Mina says that Jonathan was was very pale, and his eyes seemed bulging out as, half terror and half in amazement. (P. 183) She doesnt get upset or regret marrying Jonathan. She doesnt become flat down despite everything thats going on around her. This proves how strong she really is.The heroine of the novel continues to show how strong she really is by protecting her husband. After marrying Jonathan, Mina becomes Draculas next victim. fifty-fifty though, it is not clearly said, she is dragged into Draculas deceitful plan because she is Jonathans wife. In chapter 21, Dracula comes into Minas room and threatens her by saying if she screams hell kill Jonathan. Dracula then makes her drink cable from his chest. Mina made another sacrifice by protecting her husband by doing something very unsanitary and immoral. She shows her strengths by protecting her husband all for the great sacrifice for love. The sacrifices that she makes show how much courageous she has.Her courage in the plan to kill Count Dracula shows that she is willing to risk her life in rig to save mankind from Draculas immorality. Her bravery begins to show right later on(prenominal) Lucy has become un-dead and van Helsing wants answers from Mina. The idea of being interrogated about somebodys death can be quite frightening. Although, Mina shows that she is brave and answers everything Van Helsing has to ask. Van Helsing and the other men start to think of her as a youthful cleaning lady rather than a Victorian woman.Her ability to be brave like a man puts her in a position in which she is thought of as to be one of them. Van Helsing says, Ah, that grand madam Mina She has a mans brain- a brain that a man should halt where he much gifted- a womans heart. The good God fashioned her for a suggest believe me. (P.253) This leads to the men trusting Mina with the strong qualities that she possesses. They know that despite the fact that she is a woman, she is brave. Mina shows her bravery and courage again when the men leave her in Dr. Sewards home while they go to Carfax. The courage the she shows in these small scenes makes her a strong person overall.Despite all of the new woman qualities she possess such as bravery andintelligence. She also possesses some other attributes of a strong person. She is a great listener and very comforting. Right after Lucys death, Van Helsing gets caught up in stressful to explain what actually happened to Lucy to the other men. Dr. Se ward, Quincey P. Morris and Arthur were in love with her. They went through quite an emotional ride after finding out what happened to her. In Chapter 17, everybody decided to meet at Dr. Sewards house. The three men that love Lucy hadnt really opened up to anybody about their pain. Dr. Seward went through a lot of pain after seeing what Lucy went through. He hid it from others and himself by working day and night. On the other hand, Arthur was quite upset and shared out a cry with Mina.Arthur and Mina were talking about Lucy and he turned away and covered his face with his hands. (P.247) Mina could hear him crying. Then Mina comforted him, something that the men had never done before. She became more of a motherly personality to him. She said, With a sob he laid his head on my shoulder and cried like a wearing child, whilst he shook with emotion. (P.247) Arthur understood that she had comforted him so he spoke to her freely. He said, and none other can ever know __ how much your s weet sympathy has been to me to-day. This shows that Mina is strong because she can provide emotional support to the people around her, something that the men cant even do.

Merchants of the Renaissance

This following three page essay is about merchants. I entrust be describing of how merchants affected the Renaissance,what merchants did, what merchants sold. And so on. The merchants in the renaissance really helped out because there were a solidification of them and they were all over the place. There were many items that merchants sold during the renaissance. A lot of the merchants sold different I items. A lot of merchants sold same items. And some merchants sold very different items.The items that almost or all merchants sold were salt, sugar, glass, silk, gold, money, cinnamon, and weapons. Sometimes merchants sold cattle. There were merchants that were also very rich and actually had bounteous money to make the city they lived in more beautiful. To make the city they lived in they put paintings, bushes, flowers, statues, and lots more items that made the city more beautiful. Those people that made the city more beautiful were wholesome known and famous. Florence became a b etter city during the Renaissance because of its lines of communication to the world around it.In the late middle Ages, the city became important as a village for wool traders. Giovanni and Cosimo de Medici used banking to make Florence a crossroads for finance. With these connections made, Florence became a crossroads for ideas. The city was opened up to the ideals and philosophies of distant lands, and absorbed these into the writing and machination it produced. That art then flowed freely outward to the rest of Italy and the European continent. The Medici maintained the stability of these connections through financial and governmental means.The connection they established with the Papacy was particularly beneficial to both Florence and Rome. The two cities, which might have other been rivals, mutually developed under the spirit of cooperation during the Renaissance. The bankers like the Medici and other businessmen such as wool merchants of Florence provided the money to su pport artists such as Da Vinci and Michelangelo during the renaissance. Without rich people paying the artists, the Renaissance would non have been so beautiful and amazing paintings, sculptures, and architecture.

Automobile design Essay

direction OF PURPOSEEducation is the manifestation of the perfection already in man. -Swami VivekanandaI strongly conceive that perfection is already in man, inherent in his heart and soul and education is the medium by dint of which we are able to manifest that perfection. This century can be credited with having given birth exchangeablewise many ideas, visions, way of living and working. It can be credited with almost as many revelations of thoughts and practices. The public is ever ever-changing. An ambition to be a part of and to contribute to this fact changing process, a eternal urge to learn quest, a profound desire to translate conception into reality made me opportunity for a Graduate program at your prestigious university. It has been my deepest desire to be a part of this fast burgeoning community. With due reverence to the department and University, I pen down this Statement of purpose. In this ever changing world of Engineering and Technology, passing day makes them obsolete, I want to attain the highest aim of education and outgo new scope for research in Mechanical Engineering.This has always fascinated me and I am discerning to continue my academic pursuit in this field. I prepare always cherished a ideate to become an Engineer, a dream that was innate and developed slowly over the years. Right from my school long time I grew, my interest and ability were inclined towards the physical nature of the universe. Science unraveled many a closed book for me. Maths challenged me and gave me joy. Learning itself became a key to my life. My tryst with Automobiles began during my childhood years when I had a great interest in Racing Sport and Cars. The idea of controlling a car has always been very thrilling and invigorating I remembered being hooked to the television, watching in amazement, an array of open wheeled cars circulates the track in a staggering fashion.Moreover, reading pertinent journals and magazines has helped me limp up- to-date with the recent advances in this fast-moving field. I always enjoyed analyzing and understanding the working of Automobiles, starting from experimenting on my toys to fixture my bike. It was then that I aspired to enter into this intriguing branch of Mechanical engineering and make my mark on the Automobile Industry. I would like to have a glance at my academic career which imbibed me likely to perform well and made me a commodious person. I did my schooling in the idyllic automated tellerof which I gradually flourished as a versatile person where I got my first leap by scoring 75% in tenth standard. I scored 87 marks in mathematics and 82 in science with this motivation I pursued Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as my major unravel in Intermediatewhere from, I secured 73.1% in higher secondary exam. The competitive spirit within me acted as a catalyst in all my academics successes. Pursuing Engineering as my future was a natural wake because of my undergraduate studi es in Mechanical Engineering.I have benefited from the breadth of College of Engineering & Research, affiliated to the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University whizz of the most prestigious university in India. The day of my undergraduate study helped me to quiver sound knowledge and a firm grasps over the principles underlying the course, which gave me an edge above other students. I excelled it with first class with sign with an aggregate of 74.32%. The undergraduate study has given me a comprehensive exposure to a wide spectrum of courses in mechanical engineering namely, Strength of Materials, innovation of Machine Members 1&2, Kinematics of Machinery, Thermodynamics, Finite Element Analysis, Mechanics of heartys, Robotics, figurer aided Design/Computer aided Manufacturing etc. I strongly believe in learnedness by doing. It is the hope of coming up with path breaking results streaked with an element of uncertainty that makes experimental result extremely fascinating.I we nt beyond the four walls of the classroom, during my undergraduate course, I visited many industries in which I underwent five week expert training at Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC), is a part of Atomic Energy on the study of Manufacturing Extrusion Die on CNC Lathe Machine which includes its cast to final Product in plant and other applications. Later I had undergone industrial visit at Vizag Steel Plant popularly known as Vizag Steel is the most advanced steel maker in India with the help of German and soviet technology where I have learnt the process of Manufacturing of steel from its ampere-second to final product. This go outs to be a very valuable experience as it provided me with an industry exposure and a chance to showcase my technical knowledge in an industry based environment. I wanted to get closer look at the application of Mechanical Engineering. I presented a near(a) number of technical papers at the national level.The first competition I took part was a National l evel Paper Presentation event conducted by NIT Rourkela, asa part of INNOVATION 2011 and I got chastity Certification. Then I participated in a ROBOTIC Work shop held at Kakatiya University, Warangal and I presented paper on Solar & Hybrid Vehicle at VNR Vignan Jyothi and received a merit certification. And I have excessively participated as a Volunteer in a prestigious Social Activity like Hyderabad literary Festival held in January 2014. I have organized many technical and cultural events. All this extra-curricular activities have made me social accomplished with self-confidence, communicating skills, leadership qualities and squad spirit. My major contribution towards research, leading the team in an academic oriented research main project Dynamic Analysis of Composite propeller of Ship Using FEM The project deals with modeling and analyzing the propeller blade by using Carbon fictitious character Reinforced Plastic materials, to reduce the Vibrations & Noise in the Propelle r. This requires high end Modeling softwares.The Solid model is developed in CATIA V5 R19, Tetrahedral mesh is generated in HYPER MESH and Static & Modal Analysis is make in ANSYS. The Analysis results showed that the natural frequencies of composite propeller were more than aluminum propeller, which indicates that the operation range of relative frequency is higher for composite materials. My role in this project as a team leader was to provide the basic functionality which deals with Modeling and analyzing was handled by my team mates along with my participation. The success of this project made me proclivity in quest for a research in Design for Manufacturing, Advanced Material Technology and Design & Development which is the front and backend of my application.It has long been my ambition to pursue my studies in Automotive Engineering and to do it from a country like Germany go forth be a golden opportunity of my life. I know that Germany has got good reputation for higher e ducation around the world. Its automotive industry is among the top manufacturers in the world with notable BMW and Mercedes as the leading success story of quality, modernity and comfort in automobiles. One final dependable to goodness thought I have to admit in conclusion, I feel I would like to give back society all valuable and technical skills that I will be gaining from your university I am confident that graduate study in your department, which is already at the cutting edge, would provide me an handsome opportunity to reach my goal. Diverse background of students, distinguished faculty and research facilities at the institute will also help me to expand my horizons.